Method of making gas burners



June 11, 1929. REZNQR 1,716,601

METHOD OF MAKING GAS BURNERS Filed Feb, 2, 1927 21 E i E E i i E F E ziizziznifif 11'" 55 5 5 g 5 IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEY;

Patented June 11, 1929.

UNITED STATES GEORGE FOSTER REZNOR, OF MERGER, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING GAS BURNERS.

Application filed February 2, 1927. Serial No. 165,311.

My invention relates 'to gas burners and the method of making the same.

I My improved burner was particularly designed for use in that type of gas heater which heats to a high temperature approaching incandescence clay glowers, but it may be used independently of such glowers. With this burner I obtain most thorough combustion as closely as possible to the burner face, whereby the burner is highly efficient and provides maximum safety from poisonous products of combustion, since combustion is complete before the flame touches any. object, such as glowers.

Another object is to provide a uniform height of flame along theentire breadth and length of the burner, in order to preventthe flames nearest the incoming gas supply from being too high for the desired combustion close to the burner face and to secure uniform heating'and appearance of the ornamental 'glowers. I I

Another object is to secure small individual flame bodies which facilitate complete combustion inr'a short flame, without the use of fine slots or the like which may become readily clogged by grease and dust, whereby the heating capacity is reduced and dangerous gases are emitted owing to incomplete combustion.

Another object is to eliminate all oints by making the burner from asingle piece of metal. Joints are liable to become loose and leaky. 1

Another object is to produce absolute uniformity in the size of the burner ports, in

their relation to one another, in the degree of secondary air supply, and in like respects,

and these things not only in any one burner but in all burners of a kind, in order that, the correct proportions of all features having been once determined for maximum eflicienoy, safety and uniform operation, these;

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allel grooves have been out its upper. surface, the figure also showing above the grooved blank the cutter for making the grooves and machining the top and sides of the blank; Fig. 5, a plan view of a blank;

with the longitudinal and transverse grooves cutand with the ports in the left hand section drilled, the gang drill for making the ports being shown diagrammatically just above the drilled section; F 6, a side elevation of a complete burner; and Fig. 7, an enlarged section onthe line VII-VII on Fig. 6.

My burner 1 is composed of a single piece of hollow-cast metal as shown in Fig. 6. "Gas 1 1 and air for combustion are supplied at the end 2 of the recurved portion or injection tube 3 below the main chambered portion 4; of the burner. The gas and air flow through the portion 3 ofthe burner and through the,

goose neck or curve 5v into the mixing chamber 6 in the main portion 4 of the burner. From the chamber 6 the gas and air flow up through the slot or. passage '7 formed by the flanges 8 and into the secondary chamber 9, whence they issue at the top surface ofthe burner through the ports 10 which are distributed along nearly the entire 'top of the burner in, longitudinal and transverse rows as hereinafter described. The slot 7 serves to prevent an excess gas supply to the burner ports nearest the incoming gas, by choking down the supply to a gradual amount throughout its length. The slot may be narrower at the end nearest the incoming gas supply, if desired. a

The blank casting from which the burner is made is as shownin Fig. 6 but without the smaller transverse grooves in its upper face. A portion of the blank is shown in side elevation in Fig. 1. A portion of the upper face of the blank is shown in Fig. 3, but with grooves cut in its upper face. The lower portion of Fig. 5 without the longitudinal and the smaller transverse grooves .and without the gas ports 10 also show a portion of the blank. I

Thetop face of the blank is preferably dirifled the transverse slots 1.1, made slur-mg the casting operation, into elevated portions 12 with a compartively smooth or plane upper surface 13 and downwardly flaring sides 14. The elevated portions 12 are not essential for all uses of the burner but are preferable for the application thereover of separate glowers which are to be preferred to one-piece glowers for the entire heater, as they permit greater strength of the glowers with sufiicientlyopen construction for maximum aeration, favor independent expansion and contraction of the glowers, and in volve less cost of replacement.

The elevated portions 12 are accurately machined as to their upper surfaces 13 and the inclined sides 14 and'as to the longitudinal slots 15 at one setting of the tool 16 by the travel of the tool or of the blank lengthwise of the blank. The tool 16, has a recess 17 whose upper wall 18 machines the surfaces 13 of'the portions 12; the lateral depending cutters 19 inclined to correspond to the flare of the sides 14 for machining the said sides; and the cutters 20 depending from the wall 18 for cutting the grooves 15. The wall 18 is exactly at right angles to the ports 10 which are to be drilled later, and the inclined sides of the cutters 19 and the cutters 20 are arranged to leave the portions 12 with longitudinal ridges of metal of exactly the same width separated by the grooves 15 which are preferably of equal width.

After the grooves-15 have been made, a gang of milling cutters 21 on a driven shaft 22 cut the transverse grooves 23 running from one side 14 to the other side 14. The

shaft 22 maybe made long enough to cut all the grooves 23 from one end to the other. Also cutters are provided on the shaft 22 for machining the ends of the elevated portions 12. The width of the cutters 20 and 21 are preferably such as to leave the upstanding tips 24 square. The grooves could be cut so as to make the tips rectangular without being square or make them diamond or otherwise shaped, if desired, but the square tips make for uniformity of heating results.

The ports 10 are preferably drilled by a gang or multiple drill conventionally shown at 25. It is provided with the same number of individual drills 26 as there are tips 24 in one section 12. The drills 26 are arranged or spaced so that, when the gang is lowered for a drilling operation, the centers of the drills will exactly impinge on the centers of the tips 24. 'The drills 26 are all of the same diameter and arranged to drill the ports 10 exactly parallel with the sides of the tips and at right angles to the top surface 13. Instead of the gang drill being made for drilling the ports 10 in one'section 12 only, it maybe lengthened to contain tools for drilling the ports for two or more sections, or all of the sections simultaneously.

It is important that the machining of the burner as described be accurate, as this permits the closest practical margin between the size of each tip and the size of its port, a feature which contributes toward maximum aeration of flame and complete combustion close to the burner face. Furthermore, the accurate machining of the burner as described permits the use of a simple drill-jig or guide plate or frame having projections 27 accurately fitting in some of the sections of the grooves 15 and other projections 28 accurately fitting in some of the transverse grooves 23, whereby, if the projections 27 and 28 are correctly placed, the gang drill 25 must be exactly positioned for drilling one or more groups of the ports 10 as described at a single setting or operation.

Those acquainted with the art will recognize the fact that the described uniformity in a burner and a number of burners, and the close or approximate size of the tips and the ports therein and the extreme accuracy to which attention has been directed are not practical with a cored casting, in which there is no joint or separate parts.

The ports 10 are drilled and are ofconsiderable depth and are not therefore subject to variations in area which are possible in builtup burner ports. The round ports produce flames of uniform shape and cross section, which hold together throughout their lengths to perfect tips.

The division of the burner face into numerous small individual tips, separated by ample aeration slots, presents maximum cooling surfaces, favoring better and longer useful life of the burner and diminishing the' amount of heat conductedto the other heater parts.

The chamber 9 appears to have some choking action in addition to that of the slot 7 whereby the ports nearest the entrance of the gas supply do not get excessive amount of gas.

The tendency to back fire isreduced by having the ports round orcylindrical. Their cross-area is a maximum for the circumference, so that there is less frictional resistance to the maintenanceof a positive flame on low gas pressure or when the flame is turned down. The more easily maintained positive or outward flow of gas acts directly against the activity of flame propagation backwards into the burner.

It is clear that the slots in the face of the burner could be cut in other directions than those shown whereby tips of other shapes than square would be produced. My invention is not limited to the precise shapes of the tips, through I prefer that they be square, as shown.

The operation performed by the tool 16 could be done by separate too-ls for planing the top face 13 and the sides 14 and cutting the grooves 15, or tools could be made to perform two of these operations simultaneously, simply by omitting one of the tool elei secting grooves so as to leave thereon a pluments 18, 19 or 20.

I claim 1. The method of making a gas burner which consists in casting a one-piece hollow blank, machining in one face thereof intersecting grooves so as to leave thereon a plurality of rows of tips of uniform size on each side of the grooves, and then drilling uniformly-sized ports centrally and longitudinally through the tips into the hollow of the blank.

2. The method of making a gas burner which consists in casting a one-piece hollow blank, machining in one face thereof intersecting grooves'so as to leave thereon a plurality of rows of tips of uniform size on each side of the grooves, and then gang-drilling uniformlysized ports centrally and longitudinally through the tips into the hollow of the blank.

3. The method of making a gas burner which consists in casting a one-piece hollow blank, planing one face, machining in said face thereof intersecting grooves so as to leave thereon a plurality of rows of tips of uniform size on each side of the grooves and at right angles to the said face, and then drilling uniformly-sized ports centrally and longitudinally through the tips into the hollow of the blank.

4. The 'method of making a gas burner which consists in casting a one-piece hollow blank, machining in one face thereof interrality of rows of square tips of uniform size on each side of the grooves, and then gangdrilling uniformly-sized ports centrally and longitudinally through the tips into the hollow of the blank.

6. The method of making a gas burner which consists in casting a one-piece hollow blank, machining in one face thereof relatively deep parallel grooves so as to leave on said face ribs of uniform width, machining grooves in said face which intersect the first grooves so as to leave on said faces rows of tips of uniform size on each side of the grooves and uniform relative arrangement, and then gang-drilling uniformly-sized ports centrally and longitudinally through the tips into the hollow of the blank. 7

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

GEORGE FOSTER REZNOR. 

